In this course, health care providers, researchers, and academicians will acquire a comprehensive understanding of vaccinology principles, mechanisms of action, and the social, economic, political, and ethical issues involved in vaccination. The course offers intensive training that will cover the: fundamentals of immunologic concepts, vaccine efficacy, and safety, selecting appropriate vaccination strategies for immunization programs, new vaccine introduction into immunization programs, vaccine research/ trial including design options, national regulatory authority, and immunization technical advisory group, vaccine hesitancy and refusal, the impact of vaccination on the epidemiology of pediatric infectious disease, identify research questions relevant for immunization programs and ethical issues.